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Catalysts increase or slow down the chemical reactions, without undergoing any net change in their structure. In biological sources, these catalysts are called enzymes, nothing but the protein, and are very efficient. Proteases occur naturally in all organisms. Enzymes are being employed increasingly in industrial oriented activities, because of their superiority over conventional chemical catalysts, as a highly significant part of biotechnological expansion. Their utilization has created a billion dollar business including a wide diversity of industrial processes, consumer products, and the burgeoning field of biosensors etc. Several enzymes are being used in industry. One among them is Proteolytic enzymes, which are capable of hydrolyzing peptide bonds and are also referred to as peptidases, proteases or proteinases. They are also a type of exotoxin, which is virulence factor in bacteria pathogenesis. Bacteria exotoxic proteases destroy extracellular structures.
Protease production is an inherent capacity of all microorganisms and a large number of microbes such as bacteria, fungi, yeast and actinomycete are known to produce proteases. Proteases have considerable industrial application like detergent, leather tanning and food industries. At present a large proportion of commercial proteases are derived from neutrophilic Bacillus species. The diversity of actinomycetes is abundant in the East coast of India and only few reports are available pertaining to their diversity and enzyme production.
In this issue, the diversity of actinomycetes in East coast of India and the potential of marine actinomycetes for the production of proteolytic enzymes are focused. Moreover, other interesting informations on alternatives for antibiotics, Ebola virus, hospital superbug etc. are also included.
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Prof. N. Munuswamy
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International TIGER DAY (Julu 29th, 2014)
ENVIS Centre Team
Prof.
N. Munuswamy
Co-ordinator
Dr. V. Krishnakumar
Scientist –D
Mr. P. Thirumurugan
Programme Officer
Mr. D. Siva Arun
Programme Asstt.
Mr. R. Ramesh
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Editorial
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Prof. N. Munuswamy
Dr. V. Krishnakumar |
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